As discussed in section 5.3.1, we will use the bottom-up design approach in our tutorial system. In fact, we assume that we have a very bad initial relational schema, i.e. a universal relational schema: all database attributes are being described by a single relation. This is good for educational purpose because we can use this example to exploit the usage of data-dependency, especially functional dependency. According to the database attributes defined in section 5.2, our initial relational schema is a universal relation schema R, such that:
R=NCFMTPDSRUAL